The first part of this research identified drivers and barriers for using water hyacinth in the region according to the prevailing socioeconomic. Use of water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes in poor and. Laboratory experiments verified that the plants are. The contribution of the multiple usage of water hyacinth on the. The effects of introduced water hyacinth on habitat structure, invertebrate assemblages, and fish diets. The rope making process is similar to that of jute rope. Used for general purposes and as low cost roofing materials. Infestations of this weed block waterways, limiting boat traffic, swimming and fishing. This fact sheet provides information and some options for controlling water hyacinth. Fish feed is expensive and can account for 60% of the variable cost in a fish culture. Aquatic herbicides can also control water hyacinth however this can be very expensive. Download water hyacinth control and possible uses book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. The increased use of manure and fertilizers in agriculture leaves the surface water more enriched with nutrients, helping in the growth of aquatic vegetation.
Pdf studies on potential use of water hyacinth, pistia. This study aims at evaluating the potential of utilization of water hyacinth for biogas production. Review and study of water hyacinth and their application. Water hyacinth can be used as a potential feedstock for biogas production due to its abundance and high carbonnitrogen ratio.
Treatment of water using water hyacinth, water lettuce and. However, water hyacinth dry matter is rich in nutrients, with crude protein of 1020% see table1, and thus it can replace part of the protein feed and roughage. For instance, large scale utilization of the water hyacinth species can serve as a positive. However, these features of water hyacinth can be considered as advantageous. It started its worldwide journey as an ornamental plant when first. Dried leaves of water hyacinth were milled using a kitchen mixer, packed in airtight polyethylene bags and kept in the freezer before use. Ecological and socioeconomic utilization n jafari believed to be carcinogenic in concentrations 10,000 times that in the surrounding water. The decomposition of the plants if large biomass of the plants were killed at once, can use up.
Many researchers have used water hyacinth, water lettuce and vetiver grass for the removal of water contaminants but their treatment capabilities depend on different factors like climate, contaminants of different concentrations, temperature, etc. Water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes biomass production, ensilability and feeding value to growing cattle abstract water hyacinth has now spread to all tropical and subtropical countries and is regarded as one of the worlds most invasive aquatic plants. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. To use water hyacinth as a resource and design the scale of treatment, first, one must understand the ecological characteristics of this plant and.
This has resulted in a lack of grain to feed chickens. With broad, thick, glossy, ovate leaves, water hyacinth may rise above the surface of the water as much as 1 meter 3 feet in height. The effectiveness of sewage purification by aquatic plant such as water hyacinth echhornia crassipes, pistia pistia stratiotes and azolla azolla filiculoides was tested on laboratory scale. A combination of mechanical, biological and herbicide methods are the best strategy in managing water hyacinth. In dealing with the problem, societies are searching for possible uses of the plant to help facilitate its removal from natural environments. It is generally 1020 cm high but can reach 1 m high when established in dense mats ecoport, 2011. People in uganda use water hyacinth to make paper and mats. It is found at the surface of rivers, lakes, canals and ponds and may root in the mud of shallow waters. Genetic uniformity characterizes the invasive spread of water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes, a clonal aquatic plant. Water hyacinths used as feed fresh water hyacinth contains approximately 2.
Water hyacinths are potentially an excellent source of biomass. Water hyacinth has invaded many tropical and subtropical bodies of water. Water hyacinth a potential source of raw material for. The proximate chemical analyses of the raw materials, the morphology of the water hyacinth stalk and fibre, pulp characteristics, and data on the physical properties of the paper handsheets formed from water hyacinth and bamboo pulps and their blends are presented. Through an anaerobic fermentation process, polluted hyacinths can be converted to the natural gas methane a costly process that may become more economical as supplies of underground natural gas are depleted. Natural pathways such as canals are still a pathway to the spread of the water hyacinth even in the pacific northwest, despite the difference in climate. It reproduces quickly and often clogs slowflowing streams. The same blends of polyester water hyacinth fibers were used to get a yarn count of 1012 ne ideal for home textiles such as curtains, upholstery, table runners, napkins, bed cover, pillow case, and other items found at home. Its leafstalk is spongy and inflated, and the upper lobes of the purple flowers have blue and yellow markings. Laboratory analysis has shown that water hyacinth is of a high absorptive capacity soerjani, 1984.
Water hyacinth ecological value, environmental impacts. There are all kinds of things the weed is good for after it is harvested. Water hyacinth also prevents sunlight and oxygen from reaching the water column and submerged plants. Water hyacinth was chopped using a shredder and left for two weeks in a heap to partially decompose. Perhaps water hyacinth is a problem in your area as well. The potential use of water hyacinth as a pulp material for producing greaseproof paper was investigated. Discussion on various uses of water hyacinth small session with all teachers and group leaders regarding work progresses and constrains. Water hyacinth has a high nitrogen content, higher than many other plants, which will aid vegetative growth for gardens.
Uses an nas report 1976 explores the potential conversion of water weeds to fertilizer, food, fuel, paper, fiber, and energy. An innovative farmer in kenya has found an answer to the shortage of grain by using water hyacinth for chicken feed. The water hyacinth is generally found floating upon the surfaces of lakes or growing in muddy areas close to water. The mixture of cowdung and water hyacinth slurry has proven to produce more biogas than when used alone elshinnawi et al. Water hyacinth compost can also be used for mulching trees and shrubs during the fall and winter. Water hyacinth is a very fast growing plant, with populations known to double in as little as 12 days.
Physical and chemical properties of water hyacinth based. Further, water hyacinth grows at a very rapid pace and contains very high nitrogen content. Water cooler in summer, when water becomes extremely hot, water hyacinth is used in the ponds so that it keeps the temperature of the water under control to save the fishes. Beneficial environmentally usage of water hyacinth juniper. The fibre from the stems of the water hyacinth plant can be used to make rope. Not only does it destroy native habitats, but it also seriously depletes water bodies of oxygen, increases water loss and provides a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Impacts of water hyacinth and water quality change on. For a yarn count of 15 ne suitable for apparels, blends of 8020 and 6535 of polyester water hyacinth fibers were used. Review and study of water hyacinth and their application on environment, international journal of advance research, ideas and innovations in technology, apa shubhangi a. Subsistence farmers in bangladesh face disaster when rafts of water hyacinth weighing up to 300 mtha float over their rice paddies. Water hyacinth control and possible uses introduction water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes water hyacinth is an aquatic plant which can live and reproduce floating freely on the surface of fresh waters or can be anchored in mud.
Diets contained different combinations of dry leaf powder of water hyacinth meal 070%, groundnut oil cake, rice bran, fish meal, guar gum binder and mineralvitamin mixture were formulated. Biogas production using water hyacinths to meet collective. It chokes out native plant life and collapses the local aquatic ecosystem. You can dry or cook the weed and feed it to your cows. Water hyacinth causes problems in many regions of the world by disturbing human activities such as fishing, irrigation and navigation.
The biogas production pilot unit is located in niamey latitude. The material was thoroughly mixed manually with dried and crushed. This would lead to the other vector of piggybacking on boats as mentioned before. If so, then you will want to know about the many uses of the water hyacinth. But remember, animals may get sick if they change their diet suddenly, so make sure you mix the water hyacinth with other feed. But feed containing 30 percent of more of hyacinth can reduce weight gain by over 90 percent. Water hyacinth is a freefloating perennial aquatic plant or hydrophyte native to tropical and subtropical south america. The use of water hyacinth in fish feed will reduce the present dependence on other competitive agricultural crops used in compounding feeds. Lack of natural enemies together with nutrient enriched water bodies facilitate the spread of water hyacinth in temperate. Another important usage for water hyacinth is its use.
Box 343, jinja, uganda 2department of zoology, makerere university, p. Plant size ranges from a few inches to a metre in height. Water hyacinth is an aquatic plant which can live and reproduce floating. However, after this period, very less information appeared in the scientific literature, mostly because these systems are not economic due to difficult and costly management and operation. For many years, farmers in kenya have used grains to feed their chickens. Utilization of water hyacinth relevant in water treatment and resource. Water hyacinth is a floating weed which has a prolific growth and in a relatively short period, it can cover large areas of water bodies like a carpet.
The stalk from the plant is shredded lengthways to expose the fibres and then left to dry for several days. Water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes is a weed ubiquitously found in lakes, rivers, and other water bodies across the globe. Biological control measures have also been introduced in some areas, such as the water hyacinth weevil, water hyacinth moth, and. It is particularly suited to tropical and subtropical climates and can be found in many areas across the globe, including southern usa, south america, east, west and southern africa, southeast asia and australia. Research has been conducted for the cultivation of the fresh.
Managing water hyacinth the gbo requires a person to take reasonable and practical steps to minimise the risks posed by water hyacinth. The water hyacinth is an invasive plant that is native of the amazon and whose capacity for growth and propagation causes major conservation problems. Water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes biomass production. The water hyacinth paper alone does not make a particularly good paper but when the fibre is blended with waste paper or jute, the result is good. It is also clogs shipping lanes in lakes and rivers and requires costly and frequent manual removal.
Characteristics, problems, control options, and beneficial uses chapter pdf available january 2015 with 12,676 reads how we measure reads. Popularizing the idea of utilization of water hyacinth demonstrated their water hyacinth trial and water hyacinth usage pattern in their village science. Water hyacinths grow over a wide variety of wetland types from lakes, streams, ponds, waterways, ditches, and backwater areas. Water hyacinth is a distinctive, freefloating plant known for its. A strong, vigorously growing garden plant produces more and has better quality fruit and vegetables. Eichhornia, commonly called water hyacinth, is a genus of aquatic flowering plants the family pontederiaceae. Lately, drought has hit many parts of the country, leading to very low grain harvests. It also form micro habitat for some aquatic animals, birds and disease vectors. It is a species of great ornamental value used in gardening because of the beauty of its foliage and flowers but is on the international union for conservation of nature. Although it is relatively poorer in extraction of nutrient. Water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes martius is a monocotyledonous freshwater aquatic plant, belonging to the family pontederiaceae, related. Vetiver grass can be grown as floating in water without the soil media hydroponic way. The main problem associated with herbicide use, and indeed the.
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